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真以为猫是傻傻地用舌头舀水喝?愚蠢的蓝星人

 

转自知乎

猫喝水时不是靠舌头把水“舀”进嘴里,而是有一套省力又优雅的办法。
麻省理工学院、弗吉尼亚理工大学和普林斯顿大学研究人员反复播放高速摄影机拍摄的家猫喝水画面后发现,与人们先前所知不同,猫的舌头不是完全浸入水中,而是在舌尖碰到水面后迅速收回,这样,在运动的舌头和水面中间就会形成一道细小的水柱。
水柱随着猫舌“飞”向猫咪的口腔,此时,猫会闭上嘴巴,既喝到“送上门”的水,又不会弄湿下巴。
研究人员还收集视频网站上大型猫科动物喝水的影像片段,同时制作一个机械猫舌进行模拟实验,结论均相同。
这份研究报告11日由《科学》杂志发表。
研究人员说,细小水柱由重力与惯性间微妙的平衡形成:重力把水向下“拉”,惯性让水保持向猫舌头收缩方向前进。他们认为,猫科动物以这种方式喝水是本能。家猫喝水时,平均每秒能伸缩舌头四次,每次可以喝到0.1毫升水。

 

According to the Daily Telegraph on November 12, a team of engineers, physicists and mathematicians conducted a three and a half year study to find out exactly how cats manage to move the milk from saucer to mouth, while keeping their chins dry in the process.
据英国《每日电讯报》11月12日报道,一个由工程师、物理学家和科学家组成的研究小组进行为期三年半的研究,发现猫是如何将碟子中的牛奶饮到嘴里,同时在这一过程中又能保持不弄湿自己的下巴。
And far from simply slurping at the bowl, researchers at MIT, Virginia Tech and Princeton University say the technique exhibits "a perfect balance between two physical forces". The tip of the cat's tongue scarcely brushes the liquid's surface before it is rapidly drawn back. This forms a column of milk between the tongue and the surface, which the cat captures by closing its mouth.
麻省理工学院、弗吉尼亚理工大学和普林斯顿大学研究人员表示,猫喝奶不仅仅是吮吸碗中牛奶,它们喝奶动作简直就是在进行"两种物理作用力的完美平衡"表演。猫的舌尖刚刚刷到牛奶的表面就迅速收回,这样猫的舌头和牛奶表面就形成一个"牛奶圆柱",猫闭上嘴巴就可以喝到牛奶。

 


This column is created by a balance between gravity pulling the liquid back to the bowl, and inertia - the tendency of a substance to move in a given direction until another force intervenes. Cats instinctively know how to strike this balance in order to time the lapping and to capture the liquid in their mouths, according to journal Science.
重力将牛奶重新吸回碗里,而惯性将牛奶继续推向原来运动的方向,直到在重力的干预下回落,它们之间的平衡形成了"牛奶圆柱"。《科学》杂志说,猫本能地知道如何保持这两种力的平衡,以测算吮吸一次的时间,确保喝到牛奶。
Domestic cats average about four laps per second, with each lap bringing in about 0.1 milliliters of liquid, while big cats naturally lap more slowly to maintain the balance of gravity and inertia.
家猫每秒钟吮吸四次奶,每次大约能喝到0.1毫升的牛奶,而体型大的猫会自然放慢吮吸速度,以保持重力和惯性之间的平衡。
Mathematician Jeffrey Aristoff said: "Our research — the experimental measurements and theoretical predictions — suggests that the cat chooses the speed in order to maximize the amount of liquid ingested per lap. This suggests that cats are smarter than many people think, at least when it comes to hydrodynamics."
数学家Jeffrey Aristoff表示:"我们根据试验测算和理论预测进行的研究表明,猫会选择吮吸牛奶的速度,保证每次都能喝到最多的奶。这充分说明它们比人们想象中更聪明,至少在流体力学方面"。  

 

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